Master Thread Dance Your Cares Away/Fraggle/Law Abiding Citizens

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Gq_THFWW4AAvNzD
 
Rebarcock. said:
I'm not sure about that. Publicly though Trump has determined Israel has acted in bad faith and is distancing from them.
Just the threat of going alone to find a solution will potentially split the hardline Israelites from the moderates who want this to end
(You don't hear much about them but it is over 50%)
I'm still worried about America's best ally interfering in peace. But I'm a Trust the Plan guy. So I am trusting that this is saving Israel for last and that is where we are now
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I've been outta town and offline since Sunday(nzt), so I still need to catch up on whatever's been happening.

Has President Trump unambiguously made it publicly known that Israel has acted in bad faith, and that he is distancing USA from Israel?

Hope so, coz that'd be pretty cool.
 
hmt5000 said:
I can't wait for SA to start to starve and turn on themselves. Who will the blame when the white farmer leave???? The white farmers of course.
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@MortgageHorn Has any African country had more success than before they kicked out the Europeans that colonized it - use marked to market calculations and calculate using inflation over time to make the dollar terms from the past and today relevant?


@Grok - To address whether any African country has experienced greater economic success post-European colonization compared to the colonial period, we need to evaluate economic performance using marked-to-market calculations and inflation-adjusted dollar terms. This involves comparing real GDP per capita or similar metrics across time, adjusted for inflation to ensure comparability in constant dollars. The challenge lies in sparse historical data, varying colonial experiences, and the complexity of defining "success" solely through economic metrics. Below, I’ll outline the approach, analyze available evidence, and provide a reasoned conclusion.
Approach and Methodology
  1. Metric Selection: Real GDP per capita (adjusted for inflation) is the primary metric, as it reflects average economic output per person, capturing living standards better than nominal GDP. Where direct GDP data is unavailable, proxies like export growth, wages, or infrastructure development may be used.
  2. Inflation Adjustment: To compare economic performance across decades, nominal values must be adjusted to a common base year (e.g., 2023 USD) using historical inflation rates or consumer price indices (CPI). The US CPI is often used for global comparisons due to the dollar’s reserve currency status.
  3. Marked-to-Market Calculations: This typically refers to valuing assets or economic output at current market prices. For historical GDP, we use purchasing power parity (PPP) or constant dollar estimates to approximate market value over time.
  4. Data Sources: Historical economic data for African countries during colonial periods (pre-1960s) is limited. Sources like the Maddison Project, World Bank, IMF, and academic studies (e.g., Frankema, van Waijenburg) provide estimates. Post-independence data is more robust but varies by country.
  5. Time Periods: We compare the colonial period (typically ending 1950s–1960s) with post-independence periods up to 2023, focusing on long-term trends to account for short-term volatility.
a metrics.

End of Part 1
 
Begin Part 2

Challenges
  • Data Gaps: Colonial-era GDP estimates are often reconstructed from trade, tax, or wage records, with varying accuracy. Pre-colonial data is even scarcer.
  • Diverse Colonial Experiences: British, French, Belgian, and Portuguese colonies had different economic structures (e.g., settler vs. peasant economies), affecting post-independence outcomes.
  • External Factors: Global commodity prices, Cold War interventions, and structural adjustment programs influenced post-independence economies, complicating causality.
  • Non-Economic Factors: Success isn’t solely economic; political stability, social cohesion, and self-determination matter but are harder to quantify.
Analysis
African countries’ economic performance post-decolonization varies widely, shaped by colonial legacies, governance, and global economic conditions. Below, I examine a few case studies with available data, focusing on real GDP per capita in inflation-adjusted terms.
1. Botswana
  • Colonial Period (Bechuanaland, British Protectorate, ~1885–1966):
    • Bechuanaland was a sparsely populated, land-abundant region with minimal colonial investment. The economy relied on subsistence agriculture and cattle herding, with some migrant labor to South African mines.
    • Estimated GDP per capita in 1950: ~$400 (1990 Geary-Khamis dollars, Maddison Project). Adjusting to 2023 USD using US CPI (CPI 1950 ≈ 24, CPI 2023 ≈ 305), this is ~$5,083.
    • Colonial infrastructure was minimal; economic activity centered on British administrative needs, not local development.
  • Post-Independence (1966–2023):
    • Botswana achieved remarkable growth after discovering diamonds in the 1970s, managed through prudent governance and partnerships with De Beers. It avoided resource curse pitfalls through fiscal discipline and investment in education/health.
    • Real GDP per capita (PPP, constant 2017 USD):
      • 1970: ~$1,000
      • 2023: ~$16,900 (World Bank).
    • In 2023 USD, 1970’s $1,000 is ~$7,500 (CPI 1970 ≈ 38.8). By 2023, GDP per capita grew to ~$16,900, a 3.3% annual real growth rate over 53 years.
    • Key factors: Stable governance, diamond revenues, and market-oriented policies. Botswana’s growth outpaced many African peers, with poverty rates dropping from 60% in 1980 to ~16% in 2020.
  • Comparison: Botswana’s post-independence GDP per capita far exceeds colonial estimates. Even accounting for data uncertainties, the colonial economy was stagnant, while post-independence growth transformed Botswana into an upper-middle-income country.
2. Ghana
  • Colonial Period (Gold Coast, British, ~1874–1957):
    • The Gold Coast was a commodity-export hub (cocoa, gold). Colonial railways and ports facilitated exports, but profits largely accrued to British firms. African entrepreneurship existed but was constrained.
    • Estimated GDP per capita in 1950: ~$700 (1990 Geary-Khamis dollars). In 2023 USD: ~$8,896.
    • Real wages for formal-sector workers rose during the colonial period (Frankema and van Waijenburg, 2005), and heights of military recruits suggest improving nutrition (Moradi, 2009). However, most Ghanaians remained in subsistence agriculture.
  • Post-Independence (1957–2023):
    • Ghana’s early post-independence period saw ambitious industrialization under Nkrumah, but mismanagement and debt led to stagnation by the 1970s. Structural adjustment in the 1980s shifted to market reforms, boosting growth.
    • Real GDP per capita (PPP, constant 2017 USD):
      • 1960: ~$1,200
      • 2023: ~$5,900 (World Bank).
    • In 2023 USD, 1960’s $1,200 is ~$12,600 (CPI 1960 ≈ 29.6). By 2023, $5,900 reflects slower growth, with periods of decline (e.g., 1970s–1980s).
    • Recent growth (4–6% annually since 2000) is driven by cocoa, gold, and oil (since 2010), but inequality and informal-sector dominance persist.
  • Comparison: Ghana’s post-independence GDP per capita initially surpassed colonial levels but stagnated until the 1990s. In 2023, $5,900 is below the colonial $8,896 estimate, suggesting mixed success. However, recent growth and infrastructure (e.g., electrification) indicate potential for surpassing colonial benchmarks.
3. Zimbabwe
  • Colonial Period (Southern Rhodesia, British, ~1890–1980):
    • A settler economy with significant land expropriation for white farmers. The economy grew through agriculture (tobacco) and mining, but benefits skewed toward settlers.
    • Estimated GDP per capita in 1960: ~$900 (1990 Geary-Khamis dollars). In 2023 USD: ~$9,460.
    • Formal-sector wages and infrastructure (e.g., railways) grew, but Africans faced systemic exclusion (Heldring and Robinson, 2012).
  • Post-Independence (1980–2023):
    • Early post-independence saw social investments (education, health), but economic mismanagement and land reforms (2000s) triggered hyperinflation (peaking at 89.7 sextillion % in 2008). The Zimbabwean dollar collapsed, replaced by USD and other currencies.
    • Real GDP per capita (PPP, constant 2017 USD):
      • 1980: ~$2,000
      • 2023: ~$2,200 (World Bank).
    • In 2023 USD, 1980’s $2,000 is ~$7,200 (CPI 1980 ≈ 82.4). By 2023, $2,200 reflects near-stagnation, exacerbated by hyperinflation eroding real value.
  • Comparison: Zimbabwe’s GDP per capita briefly exceeded colonial levels in the 1980s but collapsed due to policy failures. In 2023, $2,200 is far below the colonial $9,460, indicating economic decline relative to the colonial period.
4. Nigeria
  • Colonial Period (British, ~1861–1960):
    • Nigeria’s economy centered on palm oil, groundnuts, and cocoa exports. Colonial investment focused on extractive infrastructure, with limited local industrialization.
    • Estimated GDP per capita in 1950: ~$500 (1990 Geary-Khamis dollars). In 2023 USD: ~$6,354.
  • Post-Independence (1960–2023):
    • Oil discovery in the 1970s drove growth, but mismanagement, corruption, and oil dependence led to volatility. Structural adjustment in the 1980s and reforms in the 2000s spurred growth.
    • Real GDP per capita (PPP, constant 2017 USD):
      • 1960: ~$1,000
      • 2023: ~$5,200 (World Bank).
    • In 2023 USD, 1960’s $1,000 is ~$10,500. By 2023, $5,200 reflects growth but below early post-independence peaks.
  • Comparison: Nigeria’s GDP per capita grew post-independence, driven by oil, but remains below the 1960s peak in real terms. Compared to the colonial $6,354, 2023’s $5,200 suggests limited progress, though population growth (from 40M to 230M) dilutes per capita gains.
Broader Trends
  • Colonial Economies: Most African colonies were commodity exporters (e.g., cocoa, rubber, minerals), with growth tied to global demand (1845–1885 price boom). However, profits often flowed to Europe, and local industrialization was suppressed (Web ID: 21). Real wages and heights suggest some prosperity gains, but these were uneven (Web ID: 10).
  • Post-Independence: Many countries saw initial growth (1960s–1970s), followed by stagnation (1980s debt crises) and recovery (2000s–present). Africa’s GDP growth averaged 5.6% annually (2013–2023), but per capita growth lagged due to population growth (Web ID: 18). Inflation, currency devaluation, and commodity dependence remain challenges (Web ID: 17).
  • Success Stories: Botswana stands out due to resource management and governance. Others (e.g., Rwanda, Ethiopia) show recent promise but lack colonial-era data for direct comparison. Settler economies (e.g., South Africa, Zimbabwe) had higher colonial GDP but faced post-independence challenges due to inequality and policy errors.
Conclusion -

Botswana is the clearest example of an African country achieving greater economic success post-European colonization, with real GDP per capita rising from $5,083 (2023 USD) in 1950 to ~$16,900 in 2023, driven by diamond wealth and stable governance. Ghana and Nigeria show mixed results, with post-independence growth but current GDP per capita below colonial estimates in real terms. Zimbabwe exemplifies decline, with 2023 GDP per capita ($2,200) far below colonial levels (~$9,460).
No other African country consistently demonstrates superior economic performance across the post-independence period in inflation-adjusted terms, though recent growth in countries like Rwanda or Ethiopia suggests potential. Colonial legacies, governance, and global economic conditions heavily influence outcomes, and data limitations prevent definitive conclusions for many nations. Economic "success" also depends on non-quantifiable factors like sovereignty and social progress, which many Africans prioritize over colonial-era metrics.
 
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Sgfeer said:
View attachment 233315
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😂 Cracks me up how almost anyone, who ain't a full blown spastic, can take advantage of Trump's universal memetic utility and casually lay waste to screeching retard hordes with devastating effect.

Love 'em or hate 'em, can't deny DJT has become a god-tier meme.

Nothin' butt an exaggerated Trump expression can completely Trump an anti-Trump meme.
IMG_20250402_110310_539.jpg
Screenshot_2025-05-16-06-02-06-61_99c04817c0de5652397fc8b56c3b3817.jpg
 
hmt5000 said:


New angle on this... Dude took a beating to protect his wife and kid. Kudos to that dude. Shame his country won't do anything to prevent it from happening in the first place.
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plus when I see bs like this I'm like
in which reality does this shit take place cuz shit like this just doesn't/isn't supposed happen, if we in fact live in the reality of complete (seemingly) safe societies?
How can we have a completely self sufficient & safe neighborhood & just 3 blocks over U wouldn't even walk let alone drive down?
& then we're just supposed to believe a particular neighborhood or area of town is safe bcuz of the preceived notion of safety?
& that's why I be say'n if u think the feds are corrupt just look into local municipal corruptions, but most just like viewing the obscurities of reality from the surface of a news article.
😆
the intro of American Gangsters the series tells the tale of American entrepreneurship very well.

America the land of the free & if your brave enough maybe u will find a pot of gold bcuz as u will see & learn, America on the surface always looks like it's the epitome of good candor however 2 must be willing to do just about anything to reach the top. America where greed is top dollar.

maybe it was a parody of the show but that doesn't mean the concept isn't really real.

look holier than now & yet just about as perverted & degenerate as the devil itself.

how is it 99% of American policy can be cited in the zionist protocol?
🤔
 

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