Let's start by getting all Ohio State up in here. It's
THE Revelation. We often hear it referred to as
Revelations, but there is no "s" in the title.
It was originally written in Greek, and the Greek name for the book is
Apocalypsis, which is a singular noun (
Apocalypses would be plural... I am no Greek scholar, so you'll have to bear with the little bit that I use it).
As you might have guessed,
Apocalypsis sounds a lot like our English word Apocalypse. This is an interesting point. While we view an apocalypse (or The Apocalypse) as a catastrophic event, the Greek word actually means something to the effect of "to unveil" or "to take away a cover." That is why the book is called
Revelation. Something that was hidden is being revealed.
So, the book is a single revelation. Even though it contains a LOT of information, it's peeling the cover back on one big topic. What is it?
The book starts out and lets us know right away what we're dealing with in the first verse of the first chapter (FYI, if you're new to this, you will see a lot of chapter and verse shorthand notation.
Rev 1:4 means Revelation chapter 1, verse 4, for instance).
"The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave Him to show to His bond-servants, the things which must soon take place; and He sent and communicated it by His angel to His bond-servant John, who testified to the word of God and to the testimony of Jesus Christ, everything that he saw." (Rev 1:1-2)
OK, according to this, everything that comes from here on after is an unveiling of information by Jesus Christ Himself. God the Father gave it to Him to share with His followers. Jesus communicated this revelation to His follower John by way of an angel sent to John.
What is being revealed by Jesus? It's
"the things which must soon take place." In other words, we're going to learn about the future.
Who, by the way, is John? John is not the guy you may have heard of named John the Baptist; rather, this is John the Apostle, one of Jesus's 12 disciples. John wrote the Gospel of John, three short letters in the New Testament (1, 2 and 3 John), and this book of The Revelation.
John's situation when he received this vision and wrote the book were pretty bad. It was around the year 95 AD, and John was an old man. He had been a follower of Jesus back in the early 30's AD. Over 60 years had passed, and all his fellow Apostles had died by this time. Things didn't look to great for him. He had been banished to the small Greek island of Patmos in the Aegean Sea. He was sent there due to his Christian faith.
Frankly, Patmos looks pretty awesome today, but it was not so in John's time.
He tells us plainly in verse 9 that his banishment was due to his faith. Details beyond that are found in extra-biblical sources, which may or may not be true. They aren't Scripture and shouldn't be treated as such. We can learn from them, but should not base our theology on them. In this case, Tertullian, writing in 200 AD, claimed that the Romans had tried to boil John to death in hot oil, but he was not hurt. Since they couldn't kill him, they banished him.
While on Patmos, John received a vision that he recorded and that would come down to us intact nearly 2,000 years later.